A magnetic assembly–based modular design is presented. These modularized parts can be easily and precisely reconfigured with off-the-shelf or easy-to-machine parts that can meet different processing requirements such as mechanical mixing, chemical reaction, light activation, and solution vaporization. In addition, xPrint supports an open-source, highly customizable software design and simulation platform, which is applicable for simulating and facilitating smart material constructions.
xPrint focuses on printing smart, particularly active materials, which come in a liquid solution and solidify under particular chemical reactions or physical transformations.
To demonstrate the system’s flexibility to accommodate different types of smart material, we chose four materials: Natto cells as RH responsive actuators, Calcium alginate, Hydrogel swells in water, and Thermochromic film that changes color with temperature.