| Time Qualifiers |
Cross References |
How to use Time Qualifiers
Intended Use:
Use this qualifier when the only information known is the relative
starting time of two events, i.e., that Event A starts after the start
of Event B. If any of the information specified under "What we don't
necessarily know" is also known, the respective, more specific qualifer
should then be used.
What we know:
- Event A clearly starts after the start of Event B.
What we don't necessarily know (i.e., subsumed, overlapping, or related qualifiers):
- How long after the start of Event B Event A starts.
Subsumed Qualifier: "[X time] after the start of…"
- Whether Event A starts after the conclusion of Event B.
Subsumed Qualifer: "After the conclusion of…"
- Whether Event A starts immediately after the conclusion of Event B.
Subsumed Qualifier: "Immediately after the conclusion of…"
- If Event A starts after the conclusion of Event B, how long after tnclusion of Event B.
Subsumed Qualifier: "[X time] after the conclusion of…"
- Whether Event A overlaps with the endinEvent B.
Subsumed Qualifier: "Ends…"
References:
58-1 [5],
60-9-A [4, 5],
60-9-B [3, 4],
61-9 [12, 13],
62-12 [3, 6],
63-6 [4, 5, 6, 7],
64-10 [4],
69-10 [6, 12, 13],
72-4 [5, 11, 15, 16, 17],
72-11 [8, 9],
75-3 [3],
75-11 [2, 5],
76-3 [6, 7, 8],
76-5 [6, 8, 12],
77-11 [4, 7, 16],
79-2 [4, 7, 8],
79-5 [2, 3, 4, 7],
83-1 [3],
84-1 [3],
84-3 [5],
84-6 [2, 3, 5],
85-4 [4, 5],
85-5 [2],
85-6 [3, 4, 7],
86-5 [3, 5, 9, 10],
87-3 [2],
87-5 [2],
88-1 [4],
88-7 [5],
89-2 [2],
89-4 [3, 11],
89-5 [3, 4, 9],
90-2 [4, 5],
90-3 [6, 8],
90-4 [5],
90-7 [4],
91-5 [3, 5, 6, 9],
92-1 [2, 8],
92-2 [4, 8, 9],
92-6 [2],
92-9 [2, 4, 7, 8]
Intended Use:
Use this qualifier when the only information known is that Events A
and B start at the same time. If it is also known that Events A and B
occur over precisely the same time period, use the more specific
qualifier "Occurs concurrently
with…" If it is also known that Event B has a longer duration
than Event A, i.e., Event B subsumes Event A, use the qualifier
"Occurs during…" /
"Occurs as part of …"
What we know:
- Event A clearly starts at the same time that Event B starts.
What we don't necessarily know (i.e., subsumed, overlapping, or related qualifiers):
- Whether Event A and Event B have precisely the same duratioi>
Related Qualifier: "Occurs concurrently with…"
- Whether Event A occurs during Event B, i.e., Event B could occur during Event A.
Overlapping Qualifier: "Occurs during…" /
"Occurs as part of …"
References:
61-9 [5],
64-10 [6]
Intended Use:
Use this qualifier when the only information known is: (1) Event A
starts after the start of Event B and (2) the specific amount of time
between the start of Event A and the start of Event B. If it is also
known that Event B subsumes Event A, use the qualifier "Occurs
during…" / "Occurs as part of …"
What we know:
- Event A starts a specific amount of time after Event B starts.
- Assume that there is some overlap in the durations of Events A and B. That is, we know that Event A doesn't start after the conclusion of Event B.
What we don't necessarily know (i.e., subsumed, overlapping, or related qualifiers):
References:
69-10 [5],
72-11 [6, 7],
77-11 [13, 14],
79-5 [6],
84-3 [7],
89-2 [3]
Intended Use:
Use this qualifier when the only information known is that Event A
starts after the conclusion of Event B. If it is also known that Event
A starts immediately after the conclusion of Event B, use the more
specific qualifier "Immediately after the conclusion of …" If
it is also known that Event A starts a specified amount of time after
the conclusion of Event B, use the more specific qualifier "[X time]
after the conclusion of…"
What we know:
- Event A clearly starts after the conclusion of Event B.
What we don't necessarily know (i.e., subsumed, overlapping, or related qualifiers):
- Whether Event A starts immediately after the conclusion of Event B.
Subsumed Qualifier: "Immediately after the conclusion of…"
- Specifically how long after the conclusion of Event B Event A starts
Subsumed Qualifier: "[X time] after the conclusion of…"
References:
58-1 [4, 6, 7, 9],
60-9-C [5],
61-9 [9, 10],
63-6 [6, 7],
64-10 [7],
65-9 [4, 8, 9, 13],
67-1 [5, 6],
69-10 [9, 11],
71-4 [3, 4, 5, 6, 12, 13],
72-11 [5, 10],
75-3 [5, 6],
75-11 [3, 8, 9],
76-3 [9],
76-5 [5, 7, 11],
79-2 [5, 6, 9, 11, 12],
83- 1 [4, 5, 7],
84-1 [5, 7],
84-3 [4, 7, 9],
84-6 [7, 8],
85-4 [2, 11],
85-5 [8, 9],
85-6 [5, 6],
86-5 [6, 7, 8, 11],
86-6 [5, 8],
87-3 [7, 8, 9],
87-5 [3],
88-1 [3, 5, 6],
88-2 [7, 8, 9],
88-7 [6, 8, 10],
89-4 [5, 6, 9],
90-2 [6, 9],
90-3 [7],
91-5 [12],
91-6 [10],
92-4 [6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12],
92-6 [6, 7, 9, 10 , 11, 13]
Intended Use:
Use this qualifier when we know that Event A starts immediately after
the conclusion of Event B. If the only information known is that Event
A starts sometime after the conclusion of Event B (i.e., it is not known
whether Event A starts immediately after Event B) use the more general
qualifier "After the conclusion of …"
What we know:
- Event A starts immediately after the conclusion of Event B.
What we don't necessarily know (i.e., subsumed, overlapping, or related qualifiers):
- Nothing. This qualifier fully specifies the temporal relationship between Events A and B.
References:
58-1 [8],
60-9-A [7, 9],
60-9-B [5],
60-9-C [7],
69-10 [10],
72-4 [10],
77-11 [11],
84-3 [2, 8],
89-2 [4],
90-4 [6],
92-2 [10, 12]
Intended Use:
Use this qualifier when we know that Event A starts a specific amount
of time after the conclusion of Event B. If the only information known
is that Event A starts after the conclusion of Event B (i.e., the
specific time lag between Event A and Event B is not known), use the
more general qualifier "After the conclusion of …"
What we know:
- Event A starts a specific amount of time after the conclusion of Event B.
What we don't necessarily know (i.e., subsumed, overlapping, or related qualifiers):
- Nothing. This qualifier fully specifies the temporal relationship between Events A and B.
References:
72-4 [13],
83-1 [6],
84-3 [4, 10],
89-2 [6, 7],
89-4 [4],
89-5 [8],
91-6 [6],
92-1 [7],
92-2 [11]
Intended Use:
Use this qualifier when Event A signifies, or triggers, the end of
Event B. For instance, use it in the following situation:
1. Engineer A is employed by Company X
2. Engineer A resigns from Company X Ends 1
Typically, the type of "terminating event" represented by 2, above,
cannot be specifically defined as occuring before, during, or after the
"terminated event." But the duration of the "terminating event" clearly
overlaps, in some way, with the end time of the "terminated event."
What we know:
- Event A starts after the start of Event B.
- Event A either finishes, meets, or overlaps with the conclusion of Event B.
What we don't necessarily know (i.e., subsumed, overlapping, or related qualifiers):
- Whether Event A starts after the conclusion of Event B.
Overlapping Qualifier: "After the conclusion of…"
Subsumed Qualifier: "Immediately after the conclusion of…"
- Whether Event A occurs during Event B.
Overlapping Qualifier: "Occurs during…" /
"Occurs as part of…"
References:
58-1 [8],
60-9-C [4],
61-9 [8, 10],
69-10 [10],
71-4 [4],
72-4 [9, 11],
72-11 [4, 6, 8, 10],
76-5 [3, 10],
77-11 [6, 9, 10],
83-1 [6],
84-1 [4],
85-4 [9],
85-5 [7],
86-5 [10, 11],
87-3 [4],
89-2 [7],
89-4 [8],
89-5 [7],
91-6 [4, 9, 11],
92-9 [9, 10]
Intended Use:
Use this qualifier when it is known that Event A occurs during, or as
part of, Event B. Two possible phrasings are provided because there are
some situations in which "during" sounds more appropriate and other
situations in which "part of" sounds more appropriate. This qualifier
should be favored over 3 of the 4 qualifiers that overlap with it, i.e.,
"Starts at the same time as …", "[X time] after the start
of …", and "After the start of …" In particular, if
the relationship between the start times of Events A and B is known, but
it is also known that Event A occurs fully within the duration of Event
B, the "Occurs during…" / "Occurs as part of…" qualifier
should be used instead of the other possible qualifiers. The only
exception is the "Ends" qualifier. The "Ends" qualifier should always
be used in cases in which one event logically demarcates the termination
of another.
What we know:
- The duration of Event A occurs within (or as part of) the duration of Event B.
- Event A does not occur concurrently with Event B.
What we don't necessarily know (i.e., subsumed, overlapping, or related qualifiers):
- Whether Event A starts at the same time as Event B.
Overlapping Qualifier: "Starts at the same time as …"
- Whether Event A concludes at the same time that Event B concludes.
Overlapping Qualifiers: "Ends …",
"[X time] after the start of …",
"After the start of…"
References:
58-1 [3],
60-9-A [6, 7, 8, 9],
60-9-C [2, 3, 6, 7],
61-9 [4, 6, 7, 8, 11],
62-12 [5, 7],
63-6 [8, 9, 10, 11],
64-10 [5, 7, 8],
65-9 [4, 5, 6, 10, 11, 12],
67-1 [4, 5, 6],
69-10 [2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8],
71-4 [2, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15],
72-4 [6, 8, 14],
75-3 [4],
75-11 [6, 7],
76-3 [5, 10],
76-5 [2, 4, 5, 9],
77-11 [5, 8, 12, 15, 17],
79-2 [3],
79-5 [8],
83-1 [4, 5],
84-1 [6],
84-3 [6, 9, 10],
84-6 [6, 7, 8],
85-4 [6, 7, 8, 10],
85-5 [3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9],
85-6 [4, 5, 6, 7],
86-5 [2, 4, 5],
86-6 [3, 4, 6, 7],
87-3 [3, 6, 10],
87-5 [4, 5],
88-1 [6, 7],
88-2 [5, 7, 9],
88-7 [4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10],
89-2 [5],
89-4 [2, 12, 13],
89-5 [2, 5, 6, 10],
90-2 [7, 8, 10],
90-3 [8, 9],
91-5 [7, 8, 10, 11, 12],
91-6 [2, 3, 7, 8],
92-1 [3, 4, 5, 6],
92-4 [2, 3],
92-6 [4, 5, 12, 14]
Intended Use:
Use this qualifier when it is known that Events A and B occur over
precisely the same time period and are equal in duration.
What we know:
- The duration of Event A occurs at the same time as and is equivalent to Event B.
What we don't necessarily know (i.e., subsumed, overlapping, or related qualifiers):
- Nothing. This qualifier fully and unambiguously specifies the temporal relationship between Events A and B.
References:
61-9 [6],
62-12 [4],
72-4 [12, 14],
77-11 [3],
84-3 [3],
85-4 [3],
86-6 [7],
88-2 [6],
89-4 [7, 10],
91-5 [4],
92-1 [9],
92-2 [8],
92-4 [4, 5, 10],
92-6 [7, 8],
92-9 [5, 6]
Intended Use:
This is a "special case" qualifier intended primarily to handle
general conditions that hold over the course of a scenario. That is, if
there are certain events (or facts) that are true (or start) before the
beginning of the critical facts of a story, this qualifier is used to
denote such facts. Note that the qualifier is different from all the
others in that it relates to ALL other events of the scenario (except
others that are also "Pre-existing fact") and it typically relates to
events that are in the future (generally speaking, the other qualifiers
define temporal relationships with events that are either in the past or
start at the same time).
What we know:
- Event A starts before the start of every other event in the scenario, except other events with the qualifier "Pre-existing fact"
- This is essentially the inverse of "After the start of …" except that it assumes a temporal relationship between Event A and ALL other events.
What we don't necessarily know (i.e., subsumed, overlapping, or related qualifiers):
- This relation provides only minimal information. All that is known is that Event A starts before all the other events. Event A could conceivably: conclude before the start of other events, subsume the duration of other events, or overlap with the other events.
References:
58-1 [1, 2],
60-9-A [1, 2, 3],
60-9-B [1, 2],
60-9-C [1],
61-9 [1, 2, 3],
62-12 [1, 2],
63-6 [1, 2, 3],
64-10 [1, 2, 3],
65-9 [1, 2, 3, 7],
67-1 [1, 2, 3],
69-10 [1, 3],
71-4 [1],
72-4 [1, 2, 3, 4, 7],
72-11 [1, 2, 3],
75-3 [1, 2],
75-11 [1, 4],
76-3 [1, 2, 3],
76-5 [1],
77-11 [1, 2],
79-2 [1, 2,10],
79-5 [1, 5],
83-1 [1, 2],
84-1 [1, 2],
84-3 [1],
84-6 [1, 4],
85-4 [1],
85-5 [1],
85-6 [1, 2],
86-5 [1],
86-6 [1, 2],
87-3 [1, 5],
87-5 [1],
88-1 [1, 2],
88-2 [1, 2, 3, 4],
88-7 [1, 2, 3],
89-2 [1],
89-4 [1],
89-5 [1],
90-2 [1, 2, 3],
90-3 [1, 2, 3, 4, 5],
90-4 [1, 2, 3, 4],
90-7 [1, 2, 3],
91-5 [1, 2],
91-6 [1, 5],
92-1 [1],
92-2 [1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7],
92-4 [1],
92-6 [1, 3],
92-9 [1, 3]
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