Recent Publications
Recent Publications
Gelder, W., Yu, X., Touretzky, D., Gardner-McCune, C., and Uchidiuno,
J. (2025) From lecture hall to homeroom: Co-designing an AI elective
with middle school CS teachers. International Journal of
Artificial Intelligence in Education, Springer Nature.
Touretzky, D., Gardner-McCune, C., Hanna, W., Chen, A., and Pawar,
N. (in press) Thinking like a neuron in middle school. Proceedings of
the 38th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-25), March
1-2, 2025, Philadelphia, PA.
Touretzky, D., Chen, A., and Pawar, N. (2024) Neural networks in
middle school. ACM Inroads 15(3):24-28.
Touretzky, D., and Gardner-McCune, C. (2023) Guiding students to
investigate what Google speech recognition knows about language.
Proceedings of EAAI-23, February 11-12, 2023.
Touretzky, D., Gardner-McCune, C., and Seehorn, D. (2022)
Machine
learning and the five big ideas in AI. International Journal of
Artificial Intelligence in Education, Springer Nature.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40593-022-00314-1.
Touretzky, D. S., and Gardner-McCune, C. (2022)
Artifical
Intelligence Thinking in K-12. In S.-C. Kong and H. Abelson
(Eds.), Computational Thinking in K-12: Artificial Intelligence
Literacy and Physical Computing. MIT Press.
Bandyopadhyay, S., Xu, J., Pawar, N., and Touretzky, D. (2022)
Interactive
visualization of word embeddings for K-12 students. Proceedings of
EAAI-22, February 26-27, 2022.
Touretzky, D. Gardner-McCune, C., Breazeal, C., Martin, F., and
Seehorn, D. (2019).
A
year in K-12 AI education. AI Magazine
40(4):88-90, Winter 2019.
Touretzky, D. Gardner-McCune, Martin, F., and Seehorn, D. (2019).
Envisioning AI for K-12: What Should Every Child Know about
AI? Proceedings of AAAI-19.
Aggarwal, A., Touretzky, D. S., and Gardner-McCune, C. (2018) Demonstating
the ability of elementary school students to reason about programs. Proceedings of SIGCSE '18,
Baltimore, MD. Association for Computing Machinery.
Touretzky, D. S. (2017)
Computational thinking and mental models: From Kodu to
Calypso. Proceedings of the 2017 Blocks & Beyond Workshop,
Raleigh, NC, October 10, 2017. IEEE Press.
Touretzky, D. S., Gardner-McCune, C., and Aggarwal, A. (2017) Semantic reasoning
in young programmers. Proceedings of SIGCSE '17, Seattle,
WA. Association for Computing Machinery.
Touretzky, D. S., Gardner-McCune, C., and Aggarwal, A. (2016) Teaching 'lawfulness'
with Kodu. Proceedings of SIGCSE '16, Memphis, TN.
Association for Computing Machinery. Slides.
Touretzky, D. S. (2014) Teaching Kodu
with physical manipulatives. ACM Inroads, 5(4):44-51.
Touretzky, D. S., Marghitu, D., Ludi, S., Bernstein, D., and Ni,
L. (2013) Accelerating
computational thinking using scaffolding, staging, and
abstraction. Proceedings of SIGCSE '13, Denver, CO. Association
for Computing Machinery, pp. 609-614.
Touretzky, D. S. (2013)
Robotics for computer scientists: what's the big idea?
Computer Science Education, 23(4):349-367.
Touretzky, D. S. (2012)
Seven big ideas in robotics, and how to teach them. Proceedings of
SIGCSE '12. Association for Computing Machinery, 2012.
Touretzky, D. S., and Tira-Thompson, E. J. (2010) The Tekkotsu "crew": Teaching robot
programming at a higher level. Proceedings of EAAI-10: The First
Symposium on Educational Advances in Artificial Intelligence, Atlanta,
GA, July 13-14, 2010.
Touretzky, D. S. (2010) Preparing computer science students for the
robotics revolution. Communications of the ACM, 53(8):27-29.
Touretzky, D.S., Halelamien, N.S., Tira-Thompson, E.J., Wales, J.J.,
and Usui K. (2007) Dual-coding representations for
robot vision in Tekkotsu. Autonomous Robots,
22(4):425-435.
Hippocampus and Rodent Navigation
Gupta, A. S., van der Meer, M. A. A., Touretzky, D. S., and Redish,
A. D. (2012) Segmentation of spatial experience by hippocampal
theta sequences. Nature Neuroscience, 15(7):1032-1039.
Gupta, A., van der Meer, M. A. A., Touretzky, D. S., and Redish,
A. D. (2010) Hippocampal replay is not a simple function of
experience. Neuron, 65(5):695-705.
Kubie, J. L., Fenton, A, Novikov, N., Touretzky, D. S., and Muller,
R. U. (2007) Changes in goal selection induced by cue conflicts
are in register with predictions from changes in place cell field
locations. Behavioral Neuroscience, 121(4):751-763.
Fuhs, M. C., and Touretzky,
D. S. (2007) Context learning
in the rodent hippocampus. Neural Computation,
19(12):3173-3215.
Fuhs, M. C., and Touretzky, D. S. (2006) A spin glass model of path
integration in rat medial entorhinal cortex. Journal of
Neuroscience 26(16):4266-4276.
Touretzky, D. S., and Muller, R. U. (2006) Place field dissociation
and multiple maps in hippocampus. Neurocomputing
69(10-12):1260-1263..
Fuhs, M. C., VanRhoads, S. R., Casale, A. E., McNaughton, B., and
Touretzky, D. S. (2005) Influence of path integration
vs. environmental orientation on place cell remapping between visually
identical environments. Journal of Neurophysiology
94(4):2603-2616.
Touretzky, D. S., Weisman, W. E., Fuhs, M. C., Skaggs, W. E., Fenton,
A. A., and Muller R. U. (2005) Deforming the hippocampal
map. Hippocampus 15(1):41-55.
Touretzky, D. S. (2005) Attractor network models of head direction
cells. In. S. I. Wiener and J. S. Taube (Eds.), Head Direction
Cells and the Neural Mechanisms Underlying Directional
Orientation, pp. 411-432. MIT Press.
Touretzky, D. S. (2002) The rodent navigation circuit. In P. E. Sharp
(ed.), The Neural Basis of Navigation: Evidence from Single Cell
Recording, chapter 12, pp. 217-233. Boston: Kluwer.
Fuhs, M. C., and Touretzky, D. S. (2000) Synaptic learning models of map
separation in the hippocampus. Neurocomputing,
32:379-384.
J.P. Goodridge and D.S. Touretzky (2000) Modeling attractor deformation in
the rodent head direction system. Journal of
Neurophysiology, 83(6):3402-3410.
A.D. Redish and D.S. Touretzky (1999)
Separating hippocampal maps. In N. Burgess, K. Jeffery, and J. O'Keefe (Eds.),
The Hippocampal and Parietal Foundations of Spatial Cognition,
pp. 203-219. Oxford University Press.
A.D. Redish and D.S. Touretzky (1998) The role of the hippocampus in
solving the Morris water maze. Neural Computation,
10(1):73-111.
A.D. Redish and D.S. Touretzky (1998) The role of the hippocampus in
the Morris water maze. In J. Bower (Ed.), Computational
Neuroscience: Trends in Research, 1998, pp. 101-106. New York:
Plenum Publishing.
M.C. Fuhs, A.D. Redish, and D.S. Touretzky (1998) A visually
driven hippocampal place cell model. In J. Bower (Ed.),
Computational Neuroscience: Trends in Research, 1998,
pp. 379-384. New York: Plenum Publishing.
A.D. Redish and D. S. Touretzky (1997) Cognitive maps beyond
the hippocampus. Hippocampus 7(1):15-35.
A.D. Redish and D.S. Touretzky (1997)
Navigating with landmarks:
computing goal locations from place codes.
In K. Ikeuchi and M. Veloso, (eds.),
Symbolic Visual Learning,
Oxford University Press.
D.S. Touretzky and A.D. Redish (1996) Theory of rodent navigation
based on interacting representations of space.
Hippocampus 6(3):247-270.
A.D. Redish, A.N. Elga, and D.S. Touretzky (1996)
A coupled
attractor model of the rodent head direction system.
NETWORK 7(4):671-685. (gzipped Postscript)
A.D. Redish and D.S. Touretzky (1996)
Modeling interactions of the rat's place and head direction systems.
Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 8,
D. S. Touretzky, M. C. Mozer, and M. E. Hasselmo, eds., MIT Press.
D.S. Touretzky and A.D. Redish (1994)
Landmark arrays and the hippocampal cognitive map.
Current trends in connectionism - Proceedings of the 1995 Swedish
Conference on Connectionism, L. Niklasson and M. Boden (eds),
Lawrence Erlbaum, pp 1-13.
D.S. Touretzky, H.S. Wan, and A.D. Redish (1994)
Neural representations of space in rats and robots.
In J. M. Zurada, R. J.
Marks II, and C. J. Robinson (eds.), Computational Intelligence:
Imitating Life, pp. 57-68. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE Press.
H.S.Wan, D.S.Touretzky, A.D.Redish (1994)
Computing goal locations from place codes.
Proceedings of the 16th annual
conference of the Cognitive Science society. Lawrence Earlbaum Associates.
p. 922-927.
H.S.Wan, D.S. Touretzky, A.D. Redish (1994)
Towards a computational theory of rat navigation. In M. Mozer,
P. Smolensky, D. Touretzky, J. Elman, and A. Weigend,
eds,. Proceedings of the 1993 Connectionist Models Summer
School, pages 11-19. Lawrence Earlbaum Associates.
Animal and Robot Learning
Courville, A. C., Daw, N. D., and Touretzky, D. S. (2006) Bayesian
theories of conditioning in a changing world. Trends in Cognitive
Sciences, 10(7):294-300.
Daw, N. D., Courville, A. C., and Touretzky, D. S. (2006)
Representation and timing in theories of the dopamine system. Neural
Computation 18(7):1637-1677.
Courville, A. C., Daw, N. D., and Touretzky, D. S. (2005) Similarity
and discrimination in classical conditioning: a latent variable
account. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 17.
Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Courville, A. C., Daw, N. D., Gordon, G., and Touretzky, D. S. (2004)
Model uncertainty in classical
conditioning. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems
16. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Daw, N. D., Courville, A. C., and Touretzky, D. S. (2003) Timing and partial observability in the
dopamine system. In S. Becker, S. Thrun, and K. Obermayer (Eds.),
Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 15, pp. 83-90.
Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Daw, N. D., and Touretzky, D. S. (2002) Long-term reward
prediction in TD models of the dopamine system. Neural
Computation, 14(11), 2567-2583.
Touretzky, D. S., Daw, N. D., and Tira-Thompson, E. J. (2002) Combining configural and TD learning
on a robot. Proceedings of the Second International Conference on
Development and Learning, pp. 47-52. IEEE Computer Society.
Daw, N. D., Courville, A. C., and Touretzky, D. S. (2002) Dopamine and inference about timing.
Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Development and
Learning, pp. 271-276. IEEE Computer Society. (gzipped Postscript)
Courville, A. C., and Touretzky, D. S. (2002) Modeling temporal structure in
classical conditioning. In T. Dietterich, S. Becker, and
Z. Ghahramani (Eds.), Advances in Neural Information Processing
Systems 14. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. (gzipped Postscript)
Daw, N. D., and Touretzky, D. S. (2001) Operant behavior suggests attentional gating
of dopamine system inputs. Neurocomputing,
38-40:1161-1167.
Daw, N. D., and Touretzky, D. S. (2000) Behavioral considerations
suggest an average reward TD model of the dopamine system.
Neurocomputing, 32:679-684.
L.M. Saksida, S.M. Raymond, and D.S. Touretzky (1998) Shaping
robot behavior using principles from instrumental conditioning.
Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 22(3/4):231-249.
D.S. Touretzky and L.M. Saksida (1997) Operant conditioning
in Skinnerbots. Adaptive Behavior, 5(3/4):219-247.
L.M. Saksida and D.S. Touretzky(1997). Application of a model of
instrumental conditioning to mobile robot control. In: P.S. Schenker
and G.T. McKee (Eds.) Sensor Fusion and Decentralized Control in
Autonomous Robotic Systems. SPIE Vol. 3209, pp. 55-66.
D.S. Touretzky and L.M. Saksida (1996) Skinnerbots. In P. Maes, M.
Mataric, J.-A. Meyer, J. Pollack, and S. W. Wilson (eds.), From Animals
to Animats 4: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on
Simulation of Adaptive Behavior, pp. 285-294. Cambridge, MA: MIT
Press.
A.D. Redish, D.S. Touretzky (1994)
The reaching task: Evidence for vector
arithmetic in the motor system?
Biological Cybernetics, 71(4): 307-317.
D.S. Touretzky, A.D. Redish, H.S.Wan (1993)
Neural representation of space using sinusoidal arrays.
Neural Computation , 5(6):869-884.
A.D. Redish, D.S. Touretzky, H.S. Wan (1994)
The sinusoidal array: a theory
of vector computation in cortex. In F. Eeckman, ed.,
Proceedings of the Computational Neurosciences Conference CNS*93,
Kluwer Academic Press.
D.W. Wheeler and D.S. Touretzky (1997) A parallel licensing model
of normal slips and phonemic paraphasias.
Brain and Language, 59(1):147-201.
P. Gupta and D.S. Touretzky (1994) Connectionist models and linguistic
theory: investigations of stress systems in language.
Cognitive Science, 18(1):1-50.
Abstract available.
D.S. Touretzky and D.A. Pomerleau (1994)
Reconstructing physical symbol systems.
Cognitive Science, 18(2):345-353.
D.S. Touretzky and D.A Pomerleau (1989) What's hidden in the hidden
layer?" Byte, 14(8):227-233.
Touretzky, D. S. (2001) Free
speech rights for programmers. Communications of the ACM,
August, 2001.
Touretzky, D. S. (2000) Gallery of CSS
Descramblers. Web site available at
http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/DeCSS/Gallery.
Touretzky, D. S. (2000) The
CSS Decryption Algorithm. Paper available at
http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/DeCSS/Gallery/plain-english.html.
Gupta, A. S., van der Meer, M., Touretzky, D S., and Redish, A. D.
(2012) Hippocampal theta sequences segment spatial experience on a
decision-maze task. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 38:289.03.
A. S. Gupta, A. D. Redish, and D. S. Touretzky (2010) Exploiting the
hippocampal theta phase gradient to learn cognitive maps. Soc.
Neurosci. Abstr., 36:99.3.
Gupta, A. S., van der Meer, M., Touretzky, D S., and Redish, A. D.
(2009) Cognitive influences on sequence replay and construction in the
rodent hippocampus. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 35:101.23.
Gupta, A. S., and Touretzky, D. S. (2008) Team-based method for
comparing population activity vectors. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr.,
34:391.23.
Touretzky, D. S., Gupta, A., Fuhs, M. C., Dollar, P., Maurer, A. P.,
and McNaughton, B. L. (2007) Reconstructing the topologies of
hippocampal cognitive maps. Soc. Neurosci. Abstracts, 33:641.10.
Fuhs, M C., and Touretzky, D. S. (2006) Modeling context learning in
the rodent hippocampus. Soc Neurosci. Abstracts, 32:68.14.
Touretzky, D. S. and Fuhs, M. C. (2005) Modeling regularly spaced
place fields in the dorsolateral band of medial entorhinal cortex.
Soc. Neurosci. Abstracts, 31:73.7
Fuhs, M. C., VanRhoads, S. R., Casale, A. E., McNaughton, B. L., and
Touretzky, D. S. (2005) Transient CA1 place cell remapping between two
visually identical environments. Soc. Neurosci. Abstracts, 31:317.18.
Touretzky, D. S., and Muller, R. U. (2004) Overlaid attractor maps
explain place field dissociations induced by cue discordance.
Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 30:330.16.
VanRhoads, S. R., Fuhs, M. C., Casale, A. E., Touretzky, D. S., and
McNaughton, B. L. (2004) Discordant head direction increases remapping
between visually identical environments in rodent CA1.
Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 30:329.22.
Courville, A. C., Daw, N. D., and Touretzky, D. S. (2004) A Bayesian
framework for configural conditioning. 37th annual meeting of the
Society for Mathematical Psychology. Ann Arbor, MI, July, 2004.
M. C. Fuhs and D. S. Touretzky (2004) A mixture modeling theory of
hippocampal place cell remapping. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 30:329.25.
Touretzky, D. S. (2003) A weak path integrator both causes and
stabilizes partial remapping in similar environments.
Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 29:519.17.
Fuhs, M. C., and Touretzky, D. S. (2003) The mixture modeling theory
of hippocampal place cell remapping. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 29:91.20.
Touretzky, D. S., Ladsariya, A., Albert, M. V., Johnson, J. W., and
Daw, N. D. (2003) HHsim: an open source, real-time, graphical
Hodgkin-Huxley simulator. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 29:24.13.
Courville, A. C., Daw, N. D., and Touretzky, D. S. (2002) A
semi-Markov model of how the dopamine system handles variability in
event timing. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 28:280.10.
Daw, N. D., Touretzky, D. S., and Skaggs, W. E. (2002) Effects of
reward type and changing task demands on striatal representation in
the rat. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 28:765.11.
Daw, N. D., Touretzky, D. S., and Skaggs, W. E. (2001) Parallel
recordings in rat dorsal striatum and nucleus accumbens during a cued
T-maze task with serial reversals. Soc. Neurosci Abstr. 27:514.7.
Fuhs, M. C., Touretzky, D. S., and Skaggs, W. E. (2001) Do
hippocampal place cell ensembles behave coherently in stretched
environments? Soc. Neurosci Abstr. 27:643.11.
Touretzky, D. S., Weisman, W. E., Fuhs, M. C., Skaggs, W. E., Fenton,
A. A., and Muller, R. U. (2001) Attractor model of hippocampal map
deformation. Soc. Neurosci Abstr. 27:643.8.
Fuhs, M. C., Skaggs, W. E., and Touretzky, D. S. (2000) Modeling
experience-dependent remapping in rat hippocampus.
Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 26:716.
Daw, N. D. and Touretzky, D. S. (2000) Behavioral insights into
attentional function in the dopamine system.
Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 26:1743.
Heiser, L. M., Skaggs, W. E., and Touretzky, D. S. (2000)
Experience-dependent change in cue control of hippocampal spatial
maps. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 26:473.
M. C. Fuhs and D. S. Touretzky (1999) Synaptic learning rules that
separate hippocampal maps. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr.,
25:1382.
N. D. Daw and D. S. Touretzky (1999) An average reward TD model of
dopamine neuron function connects physiological and behavioral
theories. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 25:1385.
M. C. Fuhs, J. P. Goodridge, and D. S. Touretzky (1998) Partial
remappings of place fields suggest multiple types of local view
information. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 24:931.
D. S. Touretzky (1998) Neuroscience concepts in a New Age
religion: Scientology's model of the mind.
Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 24:241.
M. C. Fuhs, A. D. Redish, and D. S. Touretzky (1997) Place cell-like
location specific activity may be generated without complex landmark
identification processes. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 23:502.
J.P. Goodridge, A.D. Redish, H.T. Blair, P.E. Sharp, and
D.S. Touretzky (1997) Lateral mamillary input explains distortions in
tuning curve shapes of anterior thalamic head direction cells.
Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 23:503.
A.D. Redish and D.S. Touretzky (1997) Implications of attractor
networks for cue conflict situations.
Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 23:1601.
D.S. Touretzky, S.J.C. Gaulin, and A.D. Redish (1996) Gerbils
regularly return to their starting point when exploring a novel
environment. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 22:449.
A.D. Redish and D.S. Touretzky (1996) An anatomically grounded theory
of rodent navigation. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 22:678.
A.D. Redish and D.S. Touretzky (1995) Revisiting the Papez circuit: the
role of hippocampus and its afferent and efferent connections in rodent
navigation. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 21:942.
L.M. Saksida, A.D. Redish, C.R. Milberg, S.J. Gaulin, and D.S. Touretzky
(1995) Landmark-based navigation in gerbils supports vector voting.
Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 21:1939.
S.H. Alyan, D.S. Touretzky, and J.S. Taube (1995) The involvement of
pasive path integration in learning the Morris water maze. 942. Soc.
Neurosci. Abstr., 21:1939.
H.S. Wan, D.S. Touretzky, and A.D. Redish (1994)
A rodent navigation model that combines place code, head direction, and path integration
information. Soc. Neuro. Abstr., 20:1205.
D.S. Touretzky, A.D. Redish, H.S. Wan, and B.L. McNaughton (1993)
Sinusoidal arrays: a theory of vector representation in parietal and
motor cortex. Soc. Neuro. Abstr., 19:795.