15-212-X : Homework Assignment 3

Due Wed Oct 9, 10:00 am (electronically); papers at recitation.

Maximum Points: 100 (+20 extra credit)


Guidelines


Problem 1: Dictionaries (35 points)

The company DataSoft decided recently to purchase CMU's dictionary package promising fast and easy access to their client records. The contract requires CMU to extend the signature of their dictionary package by a delete function, and a few other functions.
signature DICT =
sig
  type key = int * int
  type 'a entry = key * 'a

  type 'a dict

  val empty : 'a dict
  val lookup : 'a dict -> key -> 'a option
  val insert : 'a dict * 'a entry -> 'a dict
  val delete : 'a dict * key -> 'a dict

  val map       : 'a dict -> ('a -> 'b) -> 'b dict
  val fold      : 'a dict -> ('a * 'b * 'b -> 'b) -> 'b -> b'
  val exists    : 'a dict -> ('a entry -> bool) -> bool
end;  (* signature DICT *)
There is partial implemenation of this structure as a BinarySearchTree. Plese extend this structure according to the following questions.

Question 1.1 (5 points)

The function map d f should go through the whole dictionary d and apply the function f to every entry, creating a new dictonary. Write the function map.

Question 1.2 (10 points)

The function fold d f init should go through the binary tree d, return init if it encounters a leaf, for every other node in the tree it should return f(datum,v_left,v_right) where datum is the datum of the node, and v_left is the result of summarizing the left subtree, v_right is the result of summarizing the right subtree. Write the function fold.

Question 1.3 (5 points)

Implement the function exists. exists d f must return true if there is an entry in the database satisfying f, false otherwise.

Question 1.4 (15 points)

For the implementation of the delete function, here is the what DataSoft and CMU agreed on: Implement the delete function. Why is it always possible to delete the successor node in the third case?

Problem 2: The PEG game (35 points)

Another company is interested in purchasing CMU's dictionary package: GAMESoft intends to implement the PEG solitaire game. The PEG solitaire game is best described as follows: A PEG board contains 15 holes, shaped in form of a triangle. Every hole can be addressed by a pair of coordinates.
Initially 14 of the holes are filled with pegs . That means there is one empty hole somewhere on the board. In our example it is clearly (1,2).
During the game it is possible to take a peg, jump over a peg into an empty hole. It is important that It should be clear that pegs might jump into six different directions.
While jumping over a peg the jumped peg is removed. The goal of the peg solitaire game is to jump pegs in such a way that only one peg remains on the board eventually.

Initially GAMESoft was only interested in purchasing CMU's dictionary package. But because of its nice implementation, GAMESoft decided to ask you for programming help. Here is what the company has already done using the signature DICT from above:

structure Dict :> DICT = BinarySearchTree;

datatype square = Peg | Hole;
type board = square Dict.dict;

structure Dir =
struct
  datatype direction =
    East | NorthEast | NorthWest | West | SouthWest | SouthEast

  fun increment (East) = (1,0)
    | increment (NorthEast) = (0,1)
    | increment (NorthWest) = (~1,1)
    | increment (West) = (~1,0)
    | increment (SouthWest) = (0,~1)
    | increment (SouthEast) = (1,~1)

  fun exists p = p East orelse p NorthEast orelse p NorthWest
                 orelse p West orelse p SouthWest orelse p SouthEast
end;

fun initialize (i,j) b = next (i,j) (Dict.insert (b,((i,j),Peg)))
and next (0,0) b = b
  | next (i,0) b = initialize (i-1,5-i) b
  | next (i,j) b = initialize (i,j-1) b;

val initialBoard = initialize (4,0) (Dict.empty);
The source code is also available.

Question 2.1 (35 points)

Write a function play: int -> board -> bool, where play n b returns true if there is a possibility to make n consecutive moves otherwise false. That means if play 13 applied to the initial board returns true then there is a way to remove all but one peg.

GAMESoft is very grateful for your support.

Problem 3: Regular expressions (30 points +20 extra credit)

In class five different operatores have been introduced to describe regular expressions R: This has been implemented as datatype -- as presented in class.
 datatype regExp
  = Char of char
  | Times of regExp * regExp
  | Epsilon
  | Plus of regExp * regExp
  | Empty
  | Star of regExp
From time to time it is helpful to have some more constructs available to form regular expressions, such as The acceptor accept is available and should be extended to deal with these new constructors

Question 3.1 (10 points)

Implement the cases for don't care symbols and intersection.

Question 3.2 (10 points)

Implement the case for Top.

Question 3.3 (10 points)

Explain in detail why your implementation of the acceptor function terminates (consider also the given cases in your explanation).

Question 3.4 (Extra credit 20 points)

Implement the case for Negation. For some test data click here .

Handin instructions